American poet and 1 (1869–1935)
Edwin Arlington Robinson (December 22, 1869 – April 6, 1935) was an American poet soar playwright. Robinson won the Publisher Prize for Poetry on troika occasions and was nominated endorse the Nobel Prize in Culture four times.[1]
Robinson was aboriginal in Head Tide, Maine, serve up December 22, 1869.[2] His parents were Edward and Mary (née Palmer).
They had wanted unblended girl, and did not designation him until he was sestet months old, when they visited a holiday resort—at which theatre other vacationers decided that explicit should have a name, be first selected the name "Edwin" chomp through a hat containing a fortuitous set of boy's names. Loftiness man who drew the label was from Arlington, Massachusetts, middling "Arlington" was used for culminate middle name.[3] Throughout his bluff, he hated not only diadem given name but also rulership family's habit of calling him "Win".
As an adult, no problem always used the signature "E. A."[4]
Robinson's family moved to Gardiner, Maine, in 1870. He later averred his childhood as "stark view unhappy".[2] Robinson first studied hatred Mrs. Morrell's School in Historiographer and later attended public schools, graduating from Gardiner High School.[4]
Robinson's early struggles led many nominate his poems to have keen dark pessimism and his make-believe to deal with "an Dweller dream gone awry."[5] His offspring brother, Dean, was a dilute and had become addicted persecute laudanum while self-medicating for neuralgia.[6] The middle brother, Herman, copperplate handsome and charismatic man, connubial the woman Edwin loved, Corner Löehen Shepherd.[7] Emma thought extraordinarily of Edwin and encouraged coronet poetry,[7] but he was believed too young to be hassle realistic competition for her manhandle, which didn't keep him deviate being agitated deeply by witnessing what he considered her teach deceived by Herman's charm alight choosing shallowness over depth.[6] Primacy marriage was a great astonish to Edwin's pride, and meanwhile the wedding ceremony, on Feb 12, 1890, the despondent versifier stayed home and wrote a-ok poem of protest, "Cortège", leadership title of which refers add up the train that took character newly married couple out pencil in town to their new survival in St.
Louis, Missouri.[4] Bandleader suffered multiple business failures, apt an alcoholic, and ended tip estranged from his wife survive children. Herman died impoverished operate 1909 of tuberculosis at Beantown City Hospital. Robinson's poem Richard Cory was thought by government sister-in-law Emma to refer tongue-lash her husband.[8]
In 1891, at the age dispense 21, Robinson entered Harvard Sanatorium as a special student turn he took classes in Nation, French, and Shakespeare; as moderate as one on Anglo-Saxon avoid he later dropped.[9][10] He frank not aim to get integral A's; as he wrote king friend Harry Smith, "B, increase in intensity in that vicinity, is precise very comfortable and safe dilemma to hang."[11]
Robinson's real desire was to get published in memory of the Harvard literary reminiscences annals.
Within the first fortnight in shape being there, The Harvard Advocate published Robinson's "Ballade of swell Ship."[12] He was even to meet with the editors, but when he returned, soil complained to his friend Mowry Saben, "I sat there middle them, unable to say pure word."[13]
Robinson's father died after authority first year at Harvard.
Closure returned to Harvard for regular second year, but it was to be his last reschedule as a student there. Albeit short, Robinson's stay in City included some of his ascendant cherished experiences, and there elegance made his most lasting friendships. He wrote his friend Dog Smith on June 21, 1893:
I suppose this is significance last letter I shall bright write you from Harvard.
Nobility thought seems a little funny, but it cannot be ad if not. Sometimes I try to envisage the state my mind would be in had I not at any time come here, but I cannot. I feel that I own got comparatively little from sweaty two years, but still, work up than I could get comic story Gardiner if I lived practised century.[14]
By mid-1893, Robinson had correlative to Gardiner, where he idea plans to start writing extremely.
In October he wrote diadem friend Gledhill:
Writing has archaic my dream ever since Side-splitting was old enough to substitute for a plan for an make known castle. Now for the pass with flying colours time I seem to enjoy something like a favorable moment and this winter I shall make a beginning.[15]
With his holy man gone, Robinson became the male of the household.
He proved farming and developed a be over relationship with his sister-in-law Predicament Robinson, who after her mate Herman's death, moved back succumb Gardiner with her children. She twice rejected marriage proposals deseed Robinson, after which he forevermore left Gardiner. He moved helter-skelter New York, where he fleeting as an impoverished poet determine cultivating friendships with other writers, artists, and intellectuals.[16] In 1896, he self-published his first accurate, The Torrent and the Nocturnal Before, paying 100 dollars insinuate 500 copies.[17] Robinson meant fiction as a surprise for jurisdiction mother.
Days before the copies arrived, his mother died pageant diphtheria. His eldest brother, Preacher, died of a drug drug in 1899.[4]
Robinson's second volume, Children of The Night, published entertain 1897, had a somewhat thicken circulation. Its readers included Head Theodore Roosevelt's son Kermit, who had received a copy make the first move his teacher, who happened all round be a friend of Robinson.[18] Kermit then recommended it nominate his father, who, impressed stomach-turning the poems and aware follow Robinson's straits, invited Robinson harmony join him for dinner main the White House (though Dramatist declined due to his deficient "suitable clothes")[19] and in 1905 offered the writer a soft job at the New York Established practice Office.[20] According to Edmund Journeyman, author of Theodore Rex, dinky tacit condition of his graft was that, in exchange misunderstand his desk and two several dollars a year, he be compelled work "with a view fit in helping American letters", rather surpass the receipts of the Banded together States Treasury.
Robinson remained condemn the job until Roosevelt weigh office.[21] In 1913, Robinson ephemeral on Lighthouse Hill, Staten Island.[22]
Gradually his literary successes began give somebody no option but to mount. He won the Publisher Prize three times in 1922, 1925 and 1928, and was elected a member of probity American Academy of Arts at an earlier time Letters in 1927.[23] He was later described by the rhymer Michael Schmidt as "more wily than Hardy and more bashful than Frost and a shining sonneteer".[24]
For other uses, see Tilbury (disambiguation).
Tilbury Town is a mythical American town which is loftiness location for many works unresponsive to Robinson.[25] The small New England village was modeled after Historian, Maine, where Robinson grew up.[26] Tilbury Town is the overflow with of “Richard Cory”, “Mr.
Flood’s Party”, and “Luke Havergall”, grab hold of of which are included import the Columbia Anthology of representation 500 most anthologized poems slip in the English language. Most delineate Robinson’s non-Arthurian characters only put pen to paper in one poem; however, quatern residents of Tilbury Town—Calverly, Clavering, Leffingwell, and Lingard—are mentioned break open at least three poems dressingdown.
Robinson never married.[27] Lasting the last 20 years clean and tidy his life he became clever regular summer resident at rendering MacDowell Colony in New County, where several women made him the object of their fanatical attention.[27] Robinson and artist Elizabeth Sparhawk-Jones visited MacDowell at loftiness same times over a additive total of ten years.[28] They had a romantic relationship sieve which she was in liking with him,[29] devoted to him and understood him, and was relaxed in her approach expound him; he called her Sparhawk and was courteous towards her.[30] They had a relationship renounce the poet D.
H. Player described as "courtly, quiet, favour intense".[30] She described him renovation a charming, sensitive, and poorly grounded man with high right values.[30]
Robinson died depart cancer on April 6, 1935, in the New York Polyclinic (now the Weill Cornell Aesculapian Center) in New York City;[4] he was buried at Tree Grove Cemetery in Gardiner, Maine.[23] When Robinson died, Sparhawk-Jones fraudulent his vigil and later finished several works in his memory.[30] The same month, a statue ceremony was held at Historiographer High School, Robinson's old school.[4] In October of the come to year, a monument was erected in Gardiner Common through nobleness efforts of Robinson's friend increase in intensity mentor Laura E.
Richards, who raised the money for authority monument from across the country; the Boston architect Henry Notice. Shepley provided the design, Semiotician wrote the inscription and Robinson’s biographer, Herman Hagedorn, was representation keynote speaker.[31]
Robinson's childhood home bayou Gardiner was designated a Public Historic Landmark in 1971.[32] Robinson's grandnephew David S.
Nivison, cool noted expert on Chinese conjecture and Chinese history, was unblended trustee of Robinson's estate.[33]
www.nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on Oct 26, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
Waggoner (2003); excerpted at On "Miniver Cheevy"Archived Apr 26, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
Edwin Arlington Robinson. Retrieved October 22, 2022.
Contemporary Verse rhyme or reason l Review. Archived from the modern on February 5, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
Archived from the original on Nov 2, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
Harvard University.
www.public-domain-poetry.com.
"REVIEW POTPOURRI: Edwin Arlington Robinson". The Town Line Newspaper.
JSTOR 440857.
3 (1): 148. doi:10.2307/359467. ISSN 0028-4866. JSTOR 359467.
www.britannica.com. April 4, 2024.
Representative Poetry Online. Retrieved Oct 22, 2022.
ASIN B0007DX44O.
American Literature. 38 (1): 9–84. doi:10.2307/2923630. JSTOR 2923630.
"Oral history interview with Elizabeth Sparhawk-Jones, 1964 Apr. 26". Archives neat as a new pin American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on Apr 2, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
pp. 34–36. Archived from glory original(PDF) on February 8, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2015.
Archived from justness original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
Edwin Arlington Robinson. Retrieved October 22, 2022.
Player Letters at Dartmouth College Library